Wednesday, October 22, 2008

Sound

Taxi Driver

USA 1976 Martin Scorsese

Sound - dramatic sounds to thrill the spectator, to excite them. Then turns into Jazz music, peaceful & relaxing. The way the film is made suggests that the men may be drunk or confused, tired maybe? Suggesting a long journey or maybe just a long journey through his life. Dark lighting suggests tension, where as everywhere else natural day light is used.
Sound is also used before you see the person in the next shot, this is called nonsimultaneous sound. Where you hear something before it happens in the next scene. For example, when you hear someone talking, you dont see them it doesn't match the scene then it cuts into the next shot.
Narrative speaking over the shot is used quite alot in this film.


Sound in the background is always music sounds, as i find that different music syncs in to be different emotions of the different characters in the film. I think that there is a dominant feel to the music. He seems to be wanting to work long hours, maybe suggesting that he wants to forget his past. Split- personality. He notices people of the street, mutters under his breath things about them. Calling them names. Direct sound dialogue over the scene. When he was trying to get the job- there was off scene sound, might suggest he is paranoid. As he can still hear everything going on around him.

Insomnia - 2002 - USA - Christopher Nolan

Use of sound - tension in the music, dramatic feel to it. Even before anything appears on the screen. The sound of the music feels like someone has died, or is going to die later on in the film. That maybe an upsetting is about to occur. Builds up tension. Then the scene comes in and i already assumme that someone has either died or going to died. It is a investigation of a crime scene of a murder of a young woman.Trying to find out what really happened. Sadness in the tone of the voice. Not much use of voices to suggest that this case is very important or alot is going to happen in the film to investigate the murder.



Scream - 1996 - Craven - USA
Dramatic - Horror - Music - Screaming - Phone Rings.
Then she answers the phone then a guy with a voice to scare the audience is heard on the other end of the phone. The music is really high pitched to suggest death, maybe a scream? Heartbeat of the girl is placed into the music, to make the spectator jump. Every moment of her moving around seemed over-exaggerated, really loud. Louder than normal.
Dog barking in the background, louder than usual so maybe this is a different character hearing the dog not the main character, as it wouldn't be so loud. Suggests someone is outside but then the dog stops barking so maybe the other character killed the dog, to stop alerting other neighbours. False plato is also used to create suspence, these effect was used in North by Northwest by alfred hitchcock to create suspension and then when you didn't expect it something would happen to scare the spectator.

Eternal Sunshine Of The Spotless Mind - USA - 2004 - Gondry

Music - Violins - Then stop. Little movement sounds - then car door shuts really loud. Suggesting he is just waking up as it seems muffled. Music hits in - piano to suggest lots of stress, maybe he can't deal with it anymore and wants to give up. Narrative dialogue - music still playing in the background for extra effect. His voice tells the story of his life. Faded voices, faded noises. Diegetic sounds.

The Graduate - 1967 - USA - Nichols

Music - Funky, kinda jazzy. Slows down, maybe suggesting that the car is breaking down. Diegetic sounds suggest that he has reached his destination, music starts slowly, beat after beat. Wedding music starts, silence. Some of the characters voices were muffled to suggest that the bride didn't want to listen to half the people that were shouting at her. Like she was old enough to make her own mistakes. Also this is used to suggest that they are in their own little world and they want to be there so they can't hear anything else apart from what they want to hear.




Wednesday, October 8, 2008

Cinematography

Editing: e.g. a person is about to walk through a door to enter a building *- Cut -* then the next shot is the same person walking down the corridor.

Time: clock turning, calender flicking over, seasons changing. e.g. seeing the trees grow leaves and blossom and then wither away. Aspects of mise-en-scene (clothing). Flashbacks so being able to take you back into a moment in time.

Transitions:

Cheat Cut:a cut which purports to show continuous time and space from shot to shot.
Cross cutting (parallel editing):
Editing that alternates shots of two or more lines of action occurring in different places, usually simultaneously. The two actions are therefore linked, associating the characters from both lines of action.
Cut in - cut away:
An instantaneous shift from a distant framing to a closer view of some portion fo the same space, and vice versa.
Dissolve:
A transition between two shots during which the first image gradually disappears while the second image gradually appears; for a moment the two images blend in superimposition.
Iris Cut:
A round, moving mask that can close down to end a scene (iris-out) or emphasize a detail, or it can open to begin a scene (iris-in) or to reveal more space around a detail.
Jump Cut:
missing a shot maybe walking along 'jumps' then walking along the same parth but just a little bit further ahead.
Establishing Shot:
A shot, usually involving a distant framing, that shows the spatial relations among the important figures, objects, and setting in a scene. Usually, the first few shots in a scene are establishing shots, as they introduces us to a location and the space relationships inside it.
Shot/Reverse Shot:
Generally this shot is used to show a characters reaction. Where they look at an object and then you see the character like the object is looking at them. Then reverse it.
Wipe:
A transition betwen shots in which a line passes across the screen, eliminating the first shot as it goes and replacing it with the next one.
Superimposition:
The exposure of more than one image on the same film strip. Unlike a
dissolve, a superimposition does not signify a transition from one scene to another. The technique was often used to allow the same performer to appear simultaneously as two characters on the screen to express subjective or intoxicated vision (The Last Laugh), or simply to introduce a narrative element from another part of the diegetic world into the scene.
Eyeline match:
This shot is where you see the character looking at something, then you see the same thing through their eyes. The same eye level.
Match on action:
A cut which splices two different views of the same action together at the same moment in the movement, making it seem to continue uninterrupted.
Rhythm:
The perceived rate and regularity of sounds, series of shots, and movements within the shots. Rhythmic factors include beat (or pulse), accent (or stress), and tempo (or pace).
Montage:
A mixture of different images but of the same meaning. For example. if you wanted to express religion you would show close up of crosses, crosses on necklaces, churches, jesus, allah...etc.

Wednesday, October 1, 2008

Elephant

Director: Gus Van Sant
Genre: Crime/Drama
Production Details: USA ( John Adams High School )
2003

The film is about teenagers living their normal lives at high school, everything seems to be normal, But two teenagers seem to have different views of everyone else. This triggers their minds to explode leading to a massive execution of the high school kids.

Aerial shot from the beginning of the film seeing a car swerving, you think it may be a teenager stolen the car, but it ends up being a drunk father. His son who is sat in the car with him, is forced to take over driving. The camera is placed upon the bonnet of the car, seeing the car start up as we see the camera shake when the engine is turned on.

Mid-close up shots are used to focus on the characters you get to know the characters lives in this angle. As they are followed round using a steady camera effect. So it feels like your just someone who is in the situation with them living their day to day lives.

Shallow focus depth of field is used to empathse the way they are just having a normal day and you really get to see how they view their lives. For example, when some of the characters are walking down the hallway, some of the images were blurred as they just wanted to get to where they were going and not really think about anything else around them.

I didn't really see the point of benny being in the film as he wasn't really a character he came into the scene walked around a bit, helped a girl out of the window and then was shot. But the interesting thing was if you looked through the film closely he was the only black guy in the film.

Then again, he could of been a hero in the film, he helps the girl out of the window. Faces the other way to face the drama, he could save the day but he doesnt't. It gives the impression that no one can stop these guys causing havoc. No one really expects it.